The cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of znonps in root meristems of allium cepa. The effects of annealing temperatures for the precursors on the particle size of zno nps were investigated. Accumulation, speciation and uptake pathway of zno. In addition, both of the root biomass of nontransgenic and bttransgenic cotton decreased along with the increased of sio 2 nps. Despite the plenty of information available on the toxicity of nanoparticles to plant system, few studies have been conducted on mechanisms, by which nanoparticles exert their effect on plant growth and development. Aug 01, 2008 the root uptake and phytotoxicity were visualized by light scanning electron, and transmission electron microscopies. Zno nano and bulk and nanoni were more toxic in soil than in water. Effect of nanozno particles suspension on root and shoot growth. Assessment of phytotoxicity of zno nps on a medicinal. Apr 26, 2017 nanomaterials in agriculture are becoming popular due to the impressive advantages of these particles.
Zno nanopowders are available as powders and dispersions. Assessment of phytotoxicity of zno nps on a medicinal plant, fagopyrum esculentum. Oct 29, 2014 zn is an essential element for plants yet some soils are zndeficient and or have low znbioavailability. Some of the synonyms used for znos are oxydatum, zinci oxicum, permanent white, ketozinc and oxozinc. Zno nanoparticles had a negative effect on the growth of eggplant in plant tissueculture conditions, as the growth of seedlings decreased with the increase in the concentration of zno. Request pdf root uptake and phytotoxicity of zno nanoparticles increasing application of nanotechnology highlights the need to clarify nanotoxicity. Zinc is supposed to be bonded to the oxygen of the carboxyl acid as zno 80, 81. In the case of root growth, biomass was not affected by zno nps at both 400 and 800 mgkg zhao et al. They exhibit antibacterial, anticorrosive, antifungal and uv filtering properties. The aim of this study was to assess the phytotoxicity of zno np on a medicinal plant by investigating the effects of biomass, bioaccumulation, and antioxidative enzyme activity. Furthermore, zno nps root elongation of both maize and rice. Ijerph free fulltext assessment of the phytotoxicity of. Suspensions of 2000 mgl nanozn or nanozno practically terminated root elongation of the tested plant species. At the end of each week of nanozno exposure, the biomass, root length, number of fronds and fvfm were measured, and four random l.
The effects of soil properties on phytotoxicity and zn bioavailability from the nps were studied by using an acidic and a calcareous alkaline. This increase occurred with a low level of zn in the soil solution as expected from the interactions of zn with the soil components at the alkaline ph. Assessment of phytotoxicity of zno nps on a medicinal plant. Zn is an essential element for plants yet some soils are zndeficient andor have low znbioavailability. Also the theoretical particle size was calculated from the surface area and zinc oxide density 5. Depending on the kind of enps, their phytotoxicity differs between water and soil. Herein, we comprehensively summarize the latest findings on the phytotoxicity of nanomaterial products based on essential metals used in plant protection. Instead, toxicity may result from the physical interactions between nanoparticles and plant cell transport pathways, i. The interplay between nps and biological processes is receiving increasing attention. Epa star rd832530, with university of georgia, university of kentucky since 2006, dr. In the present study, nanosized zinc oxide particles were synthesized by simple precipitation method. However, their bioavailability and toxicity are key features for their massive employment. In this study, transport behavior and attachment of zno nps in soil components were studied through column experiments and sequential extraction, respectively.
Root uptake and phytotoxicity of zno nanoparticles request pdf. However, little is known about their transport in water and soils. The toxicity of zno particles is higher than zinc ions released from them. Zinc oxide nanoparticles znonps are widely used in consumer products, which have raised concerns about their impact on the human health and environment. Zno nano and bulk and nano ni were more toxic in soil than in water.
We report here in this paper the synthesis and characterization of zno nanoparticles with an average size of particles less than 50 nm. Synthesis and characterization of zno nanoparticles via. The phytotoxicity of zno nanoparticles on wheat varies with soil properties. The dose response curves of nanozno on root and shoot of mung and gram seedlings are shown in figures 2a and 2b, respectively. The present pot experiment investigated the uptake of zn from nanozinc oxide nzno amended soil at 300, 600 and mg nzno kg concentrations, and its effects on the enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants in tomato tissues and fruits respectively. Interactions between engineered nanoparticles enps and plants. Fate of cuo and zno nano and microparticles in the plant. It is not possible to predict the exact size of the individual particle except by tem analysis. The anthropogenic release of nanoparticles nps to the environment poses a potential hazard to human health and life. This cited by count includes citations to the following articles in scholar. Solgel method is used for the synthesis with the variation in ph.
The effects of sio 2 nps concentrations on the root biomass were determined. Positive effects of zno nps are manifested in promoting germination, stem and root growth, increase in phosphorus mobilizing enzymes, phosphorus uptake, and. Overall, this study provided valuable information for the application of engineered nps in agriculture and the assessment of the potential environmental risks. A highly effective and readily recyclable catalyst for the onepot synthesis of 1,8dioxodecahydroacridine 3 area was approximately 64 m2g. First, we measured the phytotoxicity of supernatants of the nanoparticle suspensions after centrifuging at 3000 g for 1 h and filtering through 0. Riesen and feller 79 have shown the accumulation of zinc in the phloem of wheat plant and also in the soybean grain, but not zinc oxide zno nanoparticles. Due to the growing trend of nano zinc oxide nanoparticle znonp which is one of the most widely used nanoparticles being released into the environment, it has attracted the attention for more studies to be done on the effects of this nanoparticle on organisms. Ijerph free fulltext assessment of the phytotoxicity. Zinc oxide nanoparticles zno nps are considered as a biosafe material for biological species. After 14 days of incubation in the planted sand, the cuo and zno nps were increased from their nominal sizes of and root meristems of allium cepa cells were characterized by cell membrane. Synthesis and characterization of zno nanoparticles submitted by jayanta kumar behera in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of master of science in physics. Phytotoxicity is an important consideration to understand the potential environmental impacts of manufactured nanomaterials. Developmental phytotoxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles to.
The present study is aimed at investigating the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles nanozno on rice oryza sativa l. Results showed that root uptake of zn increased with increasing nzno concentrations. Nanospherical, nanorods, nano porous zno and nanowire morphologies could be used as effective bactericidal materials against both grampositive and gram negative bacteria. Effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on enzymatic and. Nanomaterials in agriculture are becoming popular due to the impressive advantages of these particles. Sources of cuo and zno nano and bulk particles cuo nps particle size \50 nm and zno nps \100 nm, as well as bulk cuo 8,0009,000 nm. After that, colonies were exposed to nanozno 0, 1, 10 mgl for up to 6 weeks.
An improved understanding of the interactions between. Apr 23, 2014 for most nanoparticles despite of the method used, the differences in phytotoxicity between nano and bulk particles were observed. Here, we report on the effects of four metal oxide nanoparticles, aluminum oxide nal 2 o 3, silicon dioxide nsio 2, magnetite nfe 3 o 4, and zinc oxide nzno, on the development of arabidopsis thaliana mouse. Assessment of the phytotoxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles on. Phytotoxicity of nanozinc oxide to tomato plant solanum. Nanospherical, nanorods, nanoporous zno and nanowire morphologies could be used as effective bactericidal materials against both grampositive and gram negative bacteria. Phytotoxicity of nanoparticlesproblems with bioassay. Accumulation, speciation and uptake pathway of zno nanoparticles. In the present study, we compared the phytotoxic effects of zno particles on buck wheat f. Uptake, translocation, and transformation of metalbased. Effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on roots of rice oryza.
Nanotechnology is the most innovative field of 21st century. Bioavailability, toxicity, and trophic transfer of manufactured zno nanoparticles supportingcontributing agencyinstitution. It was observe that with increase in nanozno concentration, the root and shoot growth also increases. Phytotoxicity was mitigated in the calcareous alkaline soil although uptake of zn from the zno nps occurred doubling the zn level compared to control plants. Phytotoxicity effect of silver nanoparticles on oryza sativa. The phytotoxicity of zno nanoparticles on wheat varies with. In the present study, the effects of zno nanoparticles nps and microparticles mps on plant growth, bioaccumulation,andantioxidativeenzymeactivity in buckwheat were estimated under hydroponic culture. Jitao lv a, shuzhen zhang a, lei luo a, jing zhang b, ke yang c and peter christie d a state key laboratory of environmental chemistry and ecotoxicology, research center for ecoenvironmental sciences, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 85, china. Moreover, greater phytotoxicity of zno from the source of nps than bulk particles in shoot was observed. Effects of bulk and nanotitanium dioxide and zinc oxide on physiomorphological changes in triticum. Developmental phytotoxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscopy results showed a clear evidence. Root uptake and phytotoxicity of zno nanoparticles environmental. Experiments were performed under controlled greenhouse conditions using a completely randomized design with nine replications.
Fate of cuo and zno nano and microparticles in the plant environment. Although several studies have advanced the authors understanding of nanoparticleplant interactions, their knowledge of the exposure of plants to nanoparticles and their effects on edible crop plants remain meager and is often. Effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the growth, photosynthetic. The agronomic application of nanotechnology in plants phytonanotechnology has the potential to alter conventional plant production systems, allowing for the controlled release of agrochemicals e. The phytotoxicity of zno nanoparticles on wheat varies. Accumulation, speciation and uptake pathway of zno nanoparticles in maize. Root uptake and phytotoxicity of zno nanoparticles. The dissolution of zno nanoparticles and its contribution to the toxicity on ryegrass were also investigated. For most nanoparticles despite of the method used, the differences in phytotoxicity between nano and bulk particles were observed. The widespread use of nanoparticles nps in consumer goods could put these materials in the waste stream, potentially to soil and sediments.
Synthesis and characterization of zno nanoparticles c. The aim of this research was to determine the effects of zno nps on. After 14 days of incubation in the planted sand, the cuo and zno nps were increased from their nominal sizes. The results show that there is no reduction in the percent seed germination. Zinc is a block d, period 4 element, while oxygen is a block p, period 2 element. Effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on groundnut arachis hypogaea seedlings. Thus, nps are adsorbed to the plant surfaces, taken up through nano or micrometerscale openings of plants and are. In the acid soil, the zno nps caused dosedependent phytotoxicity, observed as inhibition of elongation of roots of wheat, triticum aestivum. Impact of zinc and zinc oxide nanoparticles on the. Effects of coated and noncoated zno nano particles on. The significant biomass reduction at concentrations of 102,000 mgl was 7.
Synthesis and characterization of zno nanoparticles. Figure 3 a clearly shows cross sectional view oforyza sativa root cells indicates depositions of particles dark dots inside the cells. The structure and composition of the precursor and prepared zno nps were studied using xray diffraction xrd, scanning electron microscopy sem. Effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on groundnut arachis. In the presence of zno nanoparticles, ryegrass biomass significantly reduced, root tips shrank, and root epidermal and cortical cells highly vacuolated or. Due to their unique properties, nanoparticles have gained considerable importance compared to bulk counterparts. Zinc oxide nanoparticles for revolutionizing agriculture.
The effects of soil properties on phytotoxicity and zn bioavailability from the nps were studied by using an acidic and a calcareous alkaline soil. Pdf the phytotoxicity of zno nanoparticles on wheat. Total dissolved zinc concentrations were measured to assess the role of soluble metal in phytotoxicity. It is clear from figure 3b, which there was significantly different p root biomass.
The root uptake and phytotoxicity were visualized by light, scanning electron, and transmission electron microscopies. Bioavailability, toxicity, and trophic transfer of. Root uptake and phytotoxicity of zno nanoparticles nasaads. Influence of modified zno quantum dots and nanostructures as. In the presence of zno nanoparticles, ryegrass biomass significantly reduced, root tips shrank, and root epidermal and cortical cells highly vacuolated or collapsed. Paul bertsch and his collaborators have been investigating the bioavailability, toxicity. The increasing use of nanoparticles and their occurrence in the environment has made it imperative to elucidate their impact on the environment. Higher uptake of zn from zno nps than in case of zn 2.
In agriculture, the use of sio2 nanoparticles as insecticide, carriers in drug delivery, or in uptake and translocation of nutrient. Bacterial toxicity comparison between nanoand microscaled oxide particles. Uptake, translocation, and transformation of metalbased nanoparticles in plants. Nanomaterials improve the plants resistance to abiotic stress with reduced environmental impact compared to traditional approaches. The root uptake of the initial mass of zn in the solution for zno np treatment ranged from 8. This paper addresses the feasibility of using zno nanoparticles nps as soil amendments to improve zn levels in the plant. The aim of this study was to increase their knowledge on the effect of zinc oxide zno nanoparticles on eggplant seed germination and seedling growth. Sio2 nanoparticle is one of the most popular nanomaterial which has been used in various fields, such as wastewater treatment, environmental remediation, food processing, industrial and household applications, biomedicine, disease labeling, and biosensor, etc. Earlier studies have shown the potential of zno nps in stimulation of seed germination and plant growth as well as disease suppression and plant protection by its antimicrobial activity. Effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the growth, photosynthetic traits. The zno np treatments significantly inhibited tomato root and shoot growth, decreased the content of.
Jitao lv a, peter christie a and shuzhen zhang ab a state key laboratory of environmental chemistry and ecotoxicology, research center for ecoenvironmental sciences, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 85, china. Interactions between engineered nanoparticles enps and. This report focuses on the application of zinc oxide nanoparticles zno nps carrying phycomolecule ligands as a novel plant growth promoter aimed at increasing the crop productivity of purslane portulaca oleracea l. The root uptake and phytotoxicity were visualized by light scanning electron, and transmission electron microscopies. The environmental fate of metal oxide particles as a function of size was assessed by comparing the behavior of cuo or zno nanoparticles nps to that of the corresponding microparticles mps in a sand matrix, with and without wheat triticum aestivum l. Sep 25, 2015 due to the growing trend of nano zinc oxide nanoparticle zno np which is one of the most widely used nanoparticles being released into the environment, it has attracted the attention for more studies to be done on the effects of this nanoparticle on organisms.
Centrifugation is used in order to enhance the properties of the synthesized zno nanoparticles. Keywords zinc oxide nanoparticles allium cepa dtpa phytotoxicity introduction nanoparticles nps refers to materials in threedimensional. Effect of nanozno particle suspension on growth of mung. Pdf the phytotoxicity of zno nanoparticles on wheat varies. Extensive research is going on for commercializing nanoproducts throughout the world. In this study, allium cepa were treated with 5 and 50. Plants expose huge interfaces to the air and soil environment. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized via precipitation method after annealing the precursor at different temperatures. Due to their small size, nanoparticles can easily enter the plant body and the individual cells and then release ions xiao et al. Transport and retention behavior of zno nanoparticles in. Effect of nanoscale zinc oxide particles on the germination, growth and yield of peanut. Seed germination was not affected except for the inhibition of nanoscale zinc nanozn on ryegrass and zinc oxide nanozno on corn at 2000 mgl. Synthesis and characterization of zno nano particles submitted by jayanta kumar behera in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of master of science in physics under the esteemed guidance of dr. Properties that are not extrapolations from a larger size will typically, but not exclusively, be exhibited in this size range.
Overall, this study provided valuable information for the application of engineered nps in agriculture and the assessment of. Freshwater microalgae pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Khanna 1 department of physics, masinde muliro university of science and technology, p. Phytotoxicity and bioaccumulation of zno nanoparticles in. Among other metal nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticles are very much important due to their utilization in gas. Zno nps inhibited plant growth and induced severe cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. It needs to be cautioned that the inhibition of plant growth may not derive directly from chemical phytotoxicity of nanoparticles. Nanoparticles based on essential metals and their phytotoxicity. Influences of zinc oxide nanoparticles on allium cepa root. Similarly, in figure 6, a major aggregation of the sample zno2 particles happened. Dillip kumar bisoyi department of physics national institute of technology, rourkela769008, orissa, india. Uptake, transport, distribution and bioeffects of sio 2.